adaptationism

The view that many traits of organisms are evolved adaptations.

A set of methods for distinguishing traits resulting from adaptation from those arising through other processes.

Until one is clear about just what one means by adaptationism, what evidence one needs to accuse someone of being an "adaptationist" will remain vague; this rather diminishes the force of the accusation.

The belief that all traits are adaptations brought about by natural selection, when some are only functionless by-products (also called "spandrels").