anachronism

A chronological mistake; the erroneous dating of an event, circumstance, or object.

Indeed, that Hall of the Upper Temple is a sight not uninteresting, and with the exception of some trifling improvements and anachronisms which have been introduced into the practice there, a man may sit down and fancy that he joins in a meal of the seventeenth century.

[W]e beg the reader to understand that we only commit anachronisms when we choose and when by a daring violation of those natural laws some great ethical truth is to be advanced […]

A person or thing which seems to belong to a different time or period of time.

You are too young—it is an anachronism for you to have such thoughts

His movements, his clothes, everything about him, seemed slightly out of place in this assembly. He spoiled the pattern; like Alvin, he was an anachronism.

The aberrant projection of the present onto the past.