aversive

Tending to repel; causing avoidance.

If it is aversive to the animal and discourages behavior, it is a punishment. If it seems aversive to you but is not aversive to the animal, then it is not an effective punishment. In fact, technically, it's not even a punishment.

A grammatical case indicating that something is avoided or feared; the evitative case.

An unpleasant stimulus intended to induce a change in behaviour.

For general training purposes, opportunities to engage in reproductive acts are not a practical reinforcer, and using aversives that generate fear is fraught with side effects.