first, native
His native language is Portuguese, but he speaks English fluently at work.
foreign, second
My brother studied a foreign language in high school and now he speaks Spanish fluently.
original
The book was first published in its original language before being translated into English.
source, target
Learning to translate between the source language and target language requires years of practice.
ancient, classical, dead
Learning ancient language like Sanskrit requires years of dedicated study and practice.
official
The government declared English as the official language of the new nation.
national
English is the national language spoken in many countries around the world.
minority
Many children in our town speak a minority language at home with their grandparents.
spoken, written
My son is learning to read and write, so we practice the written language every evening together.
colloquial, everyday, informal
flowery, literary, poetic
sign
Many tourists find it helpful to learn basic sign language before visiting deaf communities.
body, non-verbal
Her body language showed she was nervous about giving the presentation.